Making a Calculator

Compute basic functions using arithmetic operations.

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Learn Mathematics Calculus

Question

How can familiar functions be computed when a program is allowed to use only basic arithmetic?

Goals

  • Implement roots, trigonometric functions, exponentials, and logarithms from arithmetic operations.
  • Compare approximation methods and measure their numerical error.

Method

Build the calculator one mathematical routine at a time.

  • Use iteration for roots and series approximations for functions such as sine, cosine, and the exponential.
  • Reduce inputs to useful ranges and choose a clear stopping rule.
  • Test the output against reference values and report where the approximation becomes inaccurate.

Try an example

Build numbers one digit at a time and apply one arithmetic operation at a time, just as a basic calculator does.

Controls: Click the number and operation keys. Use = to finish a calculation, BACK to remove the last digit, and C to clear.